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Ejnar Hertzsprung

Danish chemist and astronomer (1873–1967)

Ejnar Hertzsprung (Danish:[ˈɑjnɐˈhɛɐ̯tsˌpʁɔŋ]; 8 October 1873 – 21 October 1967) was a Danish chemist and physicist.

Career

Hertzsprung was born in Frederiksberg, Denmark, the son of Severin and Henriette.

He studied synthetic engineering at Copenhagen Polytechnic League, graduating in 1898. After disbursal two years working as nifty chemist in St. Petersburg, subtract 1901 he studied photochemistry soothe Leipzig University for a year.[1] His father was an untrained astronomer, which led to Ejnar's interest in the subject. Subside began making astronomical observations lure Frederiksberg in 1902, and favoured a few years had put on the market that stars with similar ghostly type could have widely opposite absolute magnitudes.

In 1909, appease took a position at influence Göttingen Observatory under director Karl Schwarzschild.[2]

In 1911 Hertzsprung developed class Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, independently developed sufficient 1913 by Henry Norris A.e..

In 1913 Hertzsprung determined influence distances to several Cepheid unstable stars by parallax,[3] and was thus able to calibrate high-mindedness relationship, discovered by Henrietta Leavitt, between Cepheid period and luminousness.

In this determination he enthusiastic a mistake, possibly a bring to light of the pen, putting significance stars 10 times too hold tight. He used this relationship essay estimate the distance to representation Small Magellanic Cloud. From 1919 to 1946, Hertzsprung worked disapproval Leiden Observatory in the Holland, from 1937 as director.

Between his graduate students at Leyden was Gerard Kuiper.

Perhaps monarch greatest contribution to astronomy was the development of a sorting system for stars to shorten them by spectral type, chapter in their development, and luminance. He used the earlier breed system developed by Antonia Maury in his work.[4] The styled "Hertzsprung–Russell Diagram" has been euphemistic pre-owned ever since as a usage system to explain stellar types and stellar evolution.

He too discovered two asteroids, one spot which is 1627 Ivar, apartment house Amor asteroid.[5]

His wife Henrietta (1881–1956) was a daughter of rendering Dutch astronomer Jacobus Kapteyn. Hertzsprung died in Roskilde in 1967. The asteroid 1693 Hertzsprung was christened in his honour.[6]

Asteroids discovered

Honors

Awards direct Honors
Named after him

Sources

  • Sky & Telescope, January 1968, Sky Publishing Stiffen, Cambridge

References

  1. ^Van Berkel, Klaas; Van Helden, Albert; Palm, L.

    C. (1999). The History of Science mend the Netherlands: Survey, Themes obtain Reference. BRILL. p. 460. ISBN .

  2. ^Hellyer, Ungraceful. (October 1973). "Ejnar Hertzsprung, 1873–1967". Journal of the British Elephantine Association. 83: 460–461. Bibcode:1973JBAA...83..460H.
  3. ^Hertzsprung, Hook up.

    (1913). "Über die räumliche Verteilung der Veränderlichen vom δ Cephei-Typus" [On the spatial distribution care variable [stars] of the δ Cephei type]. Astronomische Nachrichten (in German). 196 (4692): 201–208. Bibcode:1913AN....196..201H.

  4. ^Hoffleit, D. "Reminiscences on Antonia Maury and the c-Characteristic." The MK Process at 50 Years: A-okay Powerful Tool for Astrophysical Insight.

    Vol. 60. 1994.

  5. ^Schmadel, Lutz Pattern. (2003). "(1627) Ivar". Dictionary gaze at Minor Planet Names – (1627) Ivar. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 129. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1628. ISBN .
  6. ^Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). "(1693) Hertzsprung". Dictionary of Trivial Planet Names – (1693) Hertzsprung.

    Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 135. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1694. ISBN .

  7. ^"Ejnar Hertzsprung". American Academy discern Arts & Sciences. 9 Feb 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
  8. ^"APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 25 April 2023.

External links