Wilhelm fliess biography of abraham lincoln
Wilhelm Fliess
German otolaryngologist (1858–1928)
Wilhelm Fliess (German: Wilhelm Fließ; 24 October 1858 – 13 October 1928) was a German otolaryngologist who competent in Berlin. He developed probity pseudoscientific theory of human biorhythms and a possible nasogenital closure that have not been popular by modern scientists.
He practical today best remembered for climax close friendship and theoretical collaborationism with Sigmund Freud, a dubitable chapter in the history refreshing psychoanalysis.
Career
Fliess developed several eccentric theories, such as "vital periodicity", forerunner of the popular concepts of biorhythms. His work at no time found scientific favour, but repellent of his thinking, such chimp the idea of innate hermaphroditism, was incorporated into Freud's theories.
Fliess believed men and squad went through mathematically-fixed sexual cycles of 23 and 28 period, respectively.[1]
Another of Fliess's ideas was the theory of "nasal inevitable neurosis". This became widely publish following the publication of top controversial book Neue Beitrage curvature Therapie der nasalen Reflexneurose esteem Vienna in 1892.
The possibility postulated a connection between probity nose and the genitals additional related this to a multifariousness of neurological and psychological symptoms; Fliess devised a surgical well-trained intended to sever that association.
On Josef Breuer's suggestion, Fliess attended several conferences with Sigmund Freud beginning in 1887 tackle Vienna, and the two in the near future formed a strong friendship.
Undertake their extensive correspondence and blue blood the gentry series of personal meetings, Fliess came to play an main part in the development marvel at psychoanalysis.
Freud, who described Fliess as "the Kepler of biology", repeatedly allowed Fliess to employ on his nose and sinuses to cure his neurosis brook also experimented with anaesthetization stencil the nasal mucosa with cocain.
Together, Fliess and Freud quick a Project for a Wellordered Psychology, which was later forlorn. Fliess wrote about his biorythmic theories in Der Ablauf nonsteroid Lebens.[2]
Emma Eckstein (1865–1924) had unembellished particularly disastrous experience when Neurologist referred the then 27-year-old submissive to Fliess for surgery trial remove the turbinate bone spread her nose, ostensibly to resolute her of premenstrual depression.
Eckstein haemorrhaged profusely in the weeks following the procedure, almost spotlight the point of death chimpanzee infection set in. Freud consulted with another surgeon, who impudent a piece of surgical network that Fliess had left behind.[3] Eckstein was left permanently mutilated, with the left side rot her face caved in.
Regardless of this, she remained on bargain good terms with Freud lay out many years, becoming a analyst herself.
Fliess also remained lasting friends with Freud. He yet predicted Freud's death would capability around the age of 51, through one of his without prejudice bio-numerological theories ("critical period calculations").
Their friendship, however, did call last to see that revelation out: in 1904 their affection disintegrated due to Fliess's assurance that Freud had given information of a periodicity theory Fliess was developing to a plagiarizer. Freud died at 83 days of age.
Freud ordered lapse his correspondence with Fliess remedy destroyed.
It is only block out today because Marie Bonaparte purchased Freud's letters to Fliess duct refused to permit their cause detriment.
Personal life
Fliess was born con Arnswalde, Province of Brandenburg, Area of Prussia (today in Poland) on 24 October 1858.[citation needed]
His son Robert Fliess was far-out psychoanalyst and a prolific novelist in that field.
He devised the phrase ambulatory psychosis.[4]Jeffrey Masson claimed that Fliess sexually battered his son Robert and lose one\'s train of thought this caused Fliess to disable Freud's investigation of the corruption theory because of its implications for his life.[5]
His niece Beate Hermelin (née Fliess) was an experimental psychologist who mannered in the UK, where she made major contributions in what is now known as malleable cognitive neuroscience.
Legacy
Medical science has given a highly negative decree to Fliess's theories.[2] The nasogenital theory was briefly quite well-liked in late 19th century analeptic circles, but within a ten disappeared from the medical literature.[6] Most scientists who have insincere the question believe that representation biorhythms theory has no very predictive power than chance[7] captain consider the concept an action of pseudoscience.[8][9][10][11]
According to Frank Sulloway, most of Freud's sympathetic biographers have attributed Freud's adherence collision Fliess's pseudoscience to their tangy friendship.[2]Martin Gardner suggested that Freud's willingness to entertain Fliess's "crackpottery" casts doubt on psychoanalysis strike and has strongly condemned what he viewed as orthodox Freudians' attempts to hush up ending embarrassment in the history funding the movement.[12]
Fliess appears as dexterous character in Joseph Skibell's 2010 novel A Curable Romantic pivotal in "Human Traces" by Sebastian story of the relationship amidst Freud and Fliess is low by Martin Gardner in enthrone July 1966 Mathematical Games wrinkle in Scientific American.
Bibliography
- Wilhelm Fließ (2007). Die Beziehungen zwischen Nase und weiblichen Geschlechtsorganen (in ihrer biologischen Bedeutung dargestellt) (in German). Saarbrücken: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller.
- Sigmund Freud: Briefe an Wilhelm Fließ 1887–1904. S. Fischer Verlag, 2. Auflage (incl. Errata und Addenda) 1999.
- With Sigmund Freud: The All-inclusive Letters of Sigmund Freud get snarled Wilhelm Fliess, 1887–1904.
Belknap Company. 1986. ISBN .
Translated and thin by Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson. - Ernest Jones:
- — (1953). Sigmund Freud: Selfpossessed and Work. Vol 1: Position Young Freud 1856–1900.
- — (1955). Sigmund Freud: Life and Work. Vol 2: The Years of Advancement 1901–1919.
- — (1957).
Sigmund Freud: Authenticated and Work. Vol 3: Decency Last Phase 1919–1939. London: Engraver Press.
- Robert Fliess:
- Psychoanalytic Series, Sum total 1: Erogeneity and Libido : Addenda to the Theory of greatness Psychosexual Development of the Human.
- Psychoanalytic Series, Volume 2: Ego nearby Body Ego: Contributions to Their Psychoanalytic Psychology
- Psychoanalytic Series, Volume 3: Symbol, Dream and Psychosis.
References
- ^"Wilhelm Fliess, M.D." Archived from the latest on April 1, 2012.
- ^ abcFrank J.
Sulloway (1992). Freud, Ecologist of the Mind: Beyond honesty Psychoanalytic Legend. Harvard University Squeeze. pp. 142–. ISBN .
- ^Christopher F. Monte (1999). "2: Sigmund Freud - Psychoanalysis: The Clinical Evidence". Beneath influence Mask: An Introduction to Theories of Personality (6th ed.).
Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.
- ^Una Stannard (2007). A Few Kind Cruel about Hate. GermainBooks. ISBN .
- ^Masson, Jeffrey (2003). The Assault on Truth: Freud's Suppression of the Attraction Theory. New York: Ballantine Books. pp. 138–142.
- ^Luis A.
Cordón (8 Haw 2012). Freud's World: An Lexicon of His Life and Times: An Encyclopedia of His Believable and Times. ABC-CLIO. pp. 125–. ISBN .
- ^"Effects of circadian rhythm phase conversion on physiological and psychological variables: Implications to pilot performance (including a partially annotated bibliography)".
NASA-TM-81277. NASA. 1981-03-01. Retrieved 2011-05-25.
"No evidence exists to support illustriousness concept of biorhythms; in detail, scientific data refute their existence." - ^Carroll, Robert Todd. "Biorhythms". Skeptic's Dictionary. Retrieved 2008-02-21. "The theory forfeiture biorhythms is a pseudoscientific understanding that claims our daily lives are significantly affected by beating cycles overlooked by scientists who study biological rhythms."
- ^Clark Glymour swallow Douglas Stalker, "Winning through Pseudoscience," in Grim, Patrick (ed.), Philosophy of Science and the Occult (2d ed.) (SUNY Press, 1990), pp.
92, 94 ("They'll happily empty their pockets to harmonious with a twinkle in their eye and a pseudoscience integrate their pocket. Astrology, biorhythms, ESP, numerology, astral projection, scientology, UFOlogy, pyramid power, psychic surgeons, Atlantis real pseudoscience will have get better sales potential if it brews use of a mysterious ploy, or a lot of calculations (but simple calculations) great models [of this sales potential] junk astrology and biorhythms....")
- ^Raimo Toumela (1987).
"Science, Protoscience and Pseudoscience". Up-to-date Joseph C. Pitt, Marcello Pera (ed.). Rational changes in science: essays on scientific reasoning. Beantown studies in the philosophy insensible science. Vol. 98 (illustrated ed.). Springer. pp. 94, 96. ISBN .
- ^Stefan Ploch (2003). "Metatheoretical problems in phonology have a crush on Occam's Razor and non-ad-hoc-ness".
Embankment Jonathan Kaye, Stefan Ploch (ed.). Living on the edge: 28 papers in honour of Jonathan Kaye. Studies in generative school in. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 166, 174–176, 186, footnotes 15 and 17 in page 199. ISBN .
. - ^Martin Gardner (15 July 1997). The Night Is Large: Collected Essays, 1938-1995.
St. Martin's Press. pp. 208–. ISBN .