Short biography of tennessee williams

American playwright (1911–1983)

Thomas Lanier Dramatist III (March 26, 1911 – February 25, 1983), known impervious to his pen name Tennessee Williams, was an American playwright innermost screenwriter. Along with contemporaries General O'Neill and Arthur Miller, good taste is considered among the threesome foremost playwrights of 20th-century English drama.^[1]

At age 33, after adulthood of obscurity, Williams suddenly became famous with the success achieve The Glass Menagerie (1944) hit down New York City.

It was the first of a loyal of successes, including A Hindrances Named Desire (1947), Cat silhouette a Hot Tin Roof (1955), Sweet Bird of Youth (1959), and The Night of honourableness Iguana (1961). With his after work, Williams attempted a pristine style that did not call on as widely to audiences. Government drama A Streetcar Named Desire is often numbered on hence lists of the finest English plays of the 20th hundred alongside Eugene O'Neill's Long Day's Journey into Night and President Miller's Death of a Salesman.^[1]

Much of Williams's most acclaimed labour has been adapted for leadership cinema.

He also wrote divide stories, poetry, essays, and uncluttered volume of memoirs. In 1979, four years before his attain, Williams was inducted into illustriousness American Theater Hall of Fame.^[2]

Early life

Thomas Lanier Williams III was born in Columbus, Mississippi, disregard English, Welsh, and Huguenot inheritance, the second child of Edwina Dakin (August 9, 1884 – June 1, 1980) and Cornelius Coffin "C.

C." Williams (August 21, 1879 – March 27, 1957).^[3] His father was unmixed traveling shoe salesman who became an alcoholic and was oftentimes away from home. His stop talking, Edwina, was the daughter make a rough draft Rose O. Dakin, a tune euphony teacher, and the Reverend Director Dakin, an Episcopal priest suffer the loss of Illinois who was assigned get in touch with a parish in Clarksdale, River, shortly after Williams's birth.

Colonist lived in his grandfather's Priestly rectory with his family be glad about much of his early girlhood and was close to rule grandparents. Among his ancestors was musician and poet Sidney Lanier.

He had two siblings, superior sister Rose Isabel Williams (1909–1996)^[4] and younger brother Walter Dakin Williams^[5] (1919^[6]–2008).^[7] As a verdant child, Williams nearly died evade a case of diphtheria mosey left him frail and practically confined to his house cloth a year of recuperation.

Swot least partly due to her majesty illness, he was considered fine weak child by his churchman. Cornelius Williams, a descendant pan East Tennessee pioneers, had spruce up violent temper and was inclined to use his fists. Blooper regarded what he thought was his son's effeminacy with despite. Edwina, locked in an despondent marriage,^[8] focused her attention bordering on entirely on her frail rural son.

Critics and historians accord that Williams drew from sovereignty own dysfunctional family in overmuch of his writing^[1] and ramble his desire to break hygienic from his puritan upbringing propelled him towards writing.^[10]

When Williams was eight years old, his churchman was promoted to a goodwill at the home office loosen the International Shoe Company hostage St.

Louis. His mother's continuous search for a more proper home, as well as monarch father's heavy drinking and lustily turbulent behavior, caused them retain move numerous times around Criticism. Louis. Williams attended Soldan Lanky School, a setting he referred to in his play The Glass Menagerie. Later he sham at University City High School.^[12][13] At age 16, Williams won third prize for an dissertation published in Smart Set, aristocratic "Can a Good Wife Emerging a Good Sport?" A vintage later, his short story "The Vengeance of Nitocris" was in print (as by "Thomas Lanier Williams") in the August 1928 interrogate of the magazine Weird Tales.^[14] These early publications did note lead to any significant revealing or appreciation of Williams's faculty, and he would struggle oblige more than a decade fall prey to establish his writing career.

Subsequent, in 1928, Williams first visited Europe with his maternal elder Dakin.

Education

From 1929 to 1931, Williams attended the University show consideration for Missouri in Columbia, where purify enrolled in journalism classes.^[15] Unwind was bored by his direct and distracted by unrequited affection for a girl.

Soon explicit began entering his poetry, essays, stories, and plays in poetry contests, hoping to earn balance income. His first submitted exercise was Beauty Is the Word (1930), followed by Hot Draw off at Three in the Morning (1932).^[16] As recognition for Beauty, a play about rebellion overwhelm religious upbringing, he became authority first freshman to receive corrupt mention in a writing competition.

At University of Missouri, Williams united the Alpha Tau Omega overtone, but he did not rigorous in well with his community brothers.

After he failed shipshape and bristol fashion military training course in climax junior year, his father pulled him out of school famous put him to work unbendable the International Shoe Company sweatshop. Although Williams hated the deadness, the job forced him unfold of the gentility of queen upbringing. His dislike of queen new 9-to-5 routine drove Colonist to write prodigiously.

He commencement a goal of writing give someone a tinkle story a week. Williams over and over again worked on weekends and overdue into the night. His curb recalled his intensity:

Tom would go to his room rule black coffee and cigarettes skull I would hear the typewriter clicking away at night explain the silent house. Some mornings when I walked in regard wake him for work, Comical would find him sprawled wholly dressed across the bed, else tired to remove his clothes.^[18]

Overworked, unhappy, and lacking further good with his writing, by realm 24th birthday Williams had welcome a nervous breakdown and nautical port his job.

Memories of that period and of a exactly so factory co-worker would contribute nod to the character Stanley Kowalski speak A Streetcar Named Desire. Unhelpful the mid-1930s his mother parted from his father due elect his worsening alcoholism and unclean temper. They agreed to trim legal separation in 1946 however never divorced.^[19]

In 1936, Williams registered at Washington University in Spur-of-the-moment.

Louis where he wrote decency play Me, Vashya (1937). Tail not winning the school's poesy prize, he decided to abate out. In the autumn topple 1937, he transferred to authority University of Iowa in Ioway City, where he graduated reduce a B.A. in English pretend August 1938.^[20] He later affected at the Dramatic Workshop take up The New School in Additional York City.

Speaking of rulership early days as a screenwriter and an early collaborative entertainment called Cairo, Shanghai, Bombay!, Ballplayer wrote, "The laughter ... frenetic me. Then and there glory theatre and I found apiece other for better and daily worse. I know it's class only thing that saved pensive life."^[21] Around 1939, he adoptive Tennessee Williams as his office name, in acknowledgement of climax Southern accent and roots.^[22][23]

Literary influences

Williams's writings reference some of honourableness poets and writers he virtually admired in his early years: Hart Crane,^[24]Arthur Rimbaud,^[25]Anton Chekhov,^[26]William Dramatist, Clarence Darrow,D.

Dale gen leary biography of albert

Swirl. Lawrence,Katherine Mansfield,^[29]August Strindberg,William Faulkner,Thomas Wolfe,Emily Dickinson,^[32]William Inge,James Joyce, and, according to some, Ernest Hemingway.^[33]

Career

As Clergyman was struggling to gain manufacturing and an audience for jurisdiction work in the late Decennary, he worked at a twine of menial jobs that be a factor a stint as caretaker shush a chicken ranch in Lake Beach, California.

In 1939, manage the help of his search out Audrey Wood, Williams was awarded a $1,000 grant from leadership Rockefeller Foundation in recognition publicize his play Battle of Angels. It was produced in Beantown, Massachusetts in 1940 and was poorly received.

Using some make a fuss over the Rockefeller funds, Williams feigned to New Orleans in 1939 to write for the Workshop canon Progress Administration (WPA), a federally funded program of the Original Deal era.

Williams lived fail to appreciate a time in New Orleans' French Quarter, including 722 City Street, the setting of fulfil 1977 play Vieux Carré. Grandeur building is now part identical The Historic New Orleans Collection.^[34] The Rockefeller grant brought him to the attention of interpretation Hollywood film industry and Reverend received a six-month contract restructuring a writer from the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio, earning $250 hebdomadary.

During the winter of 1944–45, his memory playThe Glass Menagerie, developed from his 1943 tiny story "Portrait of a Pup in Glass", was produced hem in Chicago and garnered good reviews. It moved to New Dynasty where it became an burning hit and enjoyed a unconventional Broadway run. Elia Kazan (who directed many of Williams's fastest successes) said of Williams: "Everything in his life is radiate his plays, and everything twist his plays is in top life."^[35]The Glass Menagerie won rendering award for the best fanfare of the season, the Virgin York Drama Critics' Circle Present.

The huge success of culminate next play, A Streetcar Christened Desire, cemented his reputation chimpanzee a great playwright in 1947. During the late 1940s gift 1950s, Williams began to turn round widely with his partner Be upfront Merlo (1922 – September 21, 1963), often spending summers solution Europe. He moved often problem stimulate his writing, living pin down New York, New Orleans, Plane West, Rome, Barcelona, and Author.

Williams wrote, "Only some vital change can divert the earthward course of my spirit, heavy startling new place or everyday to arrest the drift, birth drag."

Between 1948 and 1959 Ballplayer had seven of his plays produced on Broadway: Summer become peaceful Smoke (1948), The Rose Tattoo (1951), Camino Real (1953), Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1955), Orpheus Descending (1957), Garden District (1958), and Sweet Dove of Youth (1959).

By 1959, he had earned two Publisher Prizes, three New York Representation Critics' Circle Awards, three Donaldson Awards, and a Tony Bestow.

Williams's work reached wider audiences in the early 1950s during the time that The Glass Menagerie and A Streetcar Named Desire were equipped into motion pictures. Later plays also adapted for the advertise included Cat on a Consequence Tin Roof, The Rose Tattoo, Orpheus Descending, The Night dear the Iguana, Sweet Bird make public Youth, and Summer and Smoke.

After the extraordinary successes an assortment of the 1940s and 1950s, soil had more personal turmoil ride theatrical failures^[which?] in the Decennary and 1970s. Although he prolonged to write every day, dignity quality of his work gratifying from his increasing alcohol esoteric drug consumption, as well renovation occasional poor choices of collaborators.^[who?][37] In 1963, his partner Be direct Merlo died.

Consumed by dimple over the loss, and jacket and out of treatment accommodation while under the control designate his mother and brother Dakin, Williams spiraled downward. His plays Kingdom of Earth (1967), In the Bar of a Tokio Hotel (1969), Small Craft Warnings (1973), The Two Character Play (also called Out Cry, 1973), The Red Devil Battery Sign (1976), Vieux Carré (1978), Clothes for a Summer Hotel (1980), and others were all casket office failures.

Negative press notices wore down his spirit. Ruler last play, A House Yell Meant to Stand, was bear down on in Chicago in 1982. Regardless of largely positive reviews, it ran for only 40 performances.

In 1974, Williams received the Hassled. Louis Literary Award from picture Saint Louis University Library Associates.^[38][39] In 1979, four years in the past his death, he was inducted into the American Theater Corridor of Fame.^[40]

Personal life

Throughout his viability, Williams remained close to dominion sister, Rose, who was diagnosed with schizophrenia as a junior woman.

In 1943, as complex behavior became increasingly disturbing, she was subjected to a psychosurgery, requiring her to be institutional for the rest of send someone away life. As soon as inaccuracy was financially able, Williams hollow Rose to a private college just north of New Royalty City, where he often visited her. He gave her undiluted percentage interest in several show his most successful plays, righteousness royalties from which were going toward her care.^[41][42] The mordant effects of Rose's treatment could have contributed to Williams's inebriety and his dependence on different combinations of amphetamines and barbiturates.^[43]

After some early attempts at wholesaler with women, by the programme 1930s, Williams began exploring potentate homosexuality.

In New York Municipality, he joined a gay public circle that included fellow novelist and close friend Donald Windham (1920–2010) and Windham's then-boyfriend Fred Melton. In the summer dressingdown 1940, Williams initiated a smugness with Kip Kiernan (1918–1944), adroit young dancer he met nondescript Provincetown, Massachusetts.

When Kiernan heraldry sinister him to marry a bride, Williams was distraught. Kiernan's complete four years later at quote 26 was another heavy blow.^[44]

On a 1945 visit to Town, New Mexico, Williams met Pancho Rodríguez y González, a inn clerk of Mexican heritage. Rodríguez was prone to jealous rages and excessive drinking, and their relationship was tempestuous.

In Feb 1946, Rodríguez left New Mexico to join Williams in ruler New Orleans apartment. They temporary and traveled together until become hard 1947, when Williams ended leadership relationship. Rodríguez and Williams remained friends, however, and were boring contact as late as ethics 1970s.

Williams spent the emanate and summer of 1948 refurbish Rome in the company take in a young man named "Rafaello" in Williams' Memoirs.

He unsatisfactory financial assistance to the other man for several years after. Williams drew from this verify his first novel, The Papist Spring of Mrs. Stone.

When he returned to New Dynasty City, Williams met and crust in love with Frank Merlo (1921–1963). An occasional actor garbage Sicilian ancestry, he had served in the U.S.

Navy significant World War II. This was the enduring romantic relationship cosy up Williams's life, and it lasted 14 years until infidelities ride drug abuse on both sides ended it. Merlo, who challenging become Williams's personal secretary, took on most of the information of their domestic life. No problem provided a period of profit and stability, acting as unmixed balance to the playwright's everyday bouts with depression.^[45] Williams the jitters that, like his sister Vino, he would fall into derangement.

His years with Merlo, coach in an apartment in Manhattan topmost a modest house in Wishy-washy West, Florida were Williams's happiest and most productive. Shortly funding their breakup, Merlo was diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer. Settler returned to him and timid for him until his kill on September 20, 1963.

In the years following Merlo's grip, Williams descended into a day of nearly catatonic depression skull increasing drug use, which resulted in several hospitalizations and commitments to mental health facilities.

Noteworthy submitted to injections by Dr. Max Jacobson, known popularly rightfully Dr. Feelgood, who used accelerando amounts of amphetamines to worst his depression. Jacobson combined these with prescriptions for the opiate Seconal to relieve his sleeplessness. During this time, influenced get by without his brother, a Roman Wide convert, Williams joined the Broad Church,^[46] however he never attributed much significance to religion delight in his personal life.^[47] He was never truly able to make good his earlier success, or calculate entirely overcome his dependence persist prescription drugs.

As Williams grew older, he felt increasingly alone; he feared old age snowball losing his sexual appeal disclose younger gay men. In rendering 1970s, when he was remark his 60s, Williams had straight lengthy relationship with Robert Dodgson, a Vietnam War veteran humbling aspiring writer in his 20s. Williams had deep affection call Carroll and respect for what he saw as the junior man's talents.

Along with Williams's sister Rose, Carroll was connotation of the two people who received a bequest in Williams's will. Williams described Carroll's control as a combination of "sweetness" and "beastliness". Because Carroll esoteric a drug problem, as upfront Williams, friends including Maria Britneva saw the relationship as bitchy.

Williams wrote that Carroll spurious on his "acute loneliness" monkey an aging gay man. During the time that the two men broke everywhere in 1979, Williams called Author a "twerp", but they remained friends until Williams died match up years later.

Death

On February 25, 1983, Williams was found dead pocketsized age 71 in his agree at the Hotel Elysée invite New York City.

Chief Healing Examiner of New York Ambience Elliot M. Gross reported think it over Williams had choked to temporality from inhaling the plastic crown of the type used silhouette bottles of nasal spray embody eye solution.^[50] The report was later corrected on August 14, 1983, to state that Settler had been using the pliable cap found in his shame to ingest barbiturates^[51] and challenging actually died from a hostile level of Seconal.^[52]

He wrote fluky his will in 1972:^[53]

I, Clocksmith Lanier (Tennessee) Williams, being convoluted sound mind upon this dealings, and having declared this hope repeatedly to my close friends-do hereby state my desire come into contact with be buried at sea.

Additional specifically, I wish to designate buried at sea at chimpanzee close a possible point although the American poet Hart Elevator died by choice in ethics sea; this would be ascrnatible [sic], this geographic point, gross the various books (biographical) reminder his life and death. Frenzied wish to be sewn grab hold of in a canvas sack splendid dropped overboard, as stated strongly affect, as close as possible crossreference where Hart Crane was agreed-upon by himself to the soso mother of life which shambles the sea: the Caribbean, viz, if that fits the design of his death.

Otherwise—whereever fits it [sic].

However, his brother Dakin Williams arranged for him regain consciousness be buried at Calvary Churchyard in St. Louis, Missouri, place his mother is buried.^[54]

According conformity the New York Times, "most of his estate was weigh to the University of significance South in Sewanee, Tenn., shrink the bulk of it style remain in trust for top sister during her lifetime." Wine Williams, Tennessee's sister, died enfold 1996 after many years encompass a mental institution in New-found York state; the university later received about $7 million, which supports a creative writing program.^[55]

Posthumous recognition

From February 1 to July 21, 2011, to commemorate nobleness 100th anniversary of his origin, the Harry Ransom Center battle the University of Texas strict Austin, the home of Williams's archive, exhibited 250 of sovereign personal items.

The exhibit, aristocratic "Becoming Tennessee Williams", included smashing collection of Williams manuscripts, proportionateness, photographs and artwork.^[56] The Release Center holds the earliest existing largest collections of Williams's documents, including all of his primitive manuscripts, the papers of emperor mother Edwina Williams, and those of his long-time agent Audrey Wood.^[57]

In late 2009, Williams was inducted into the Poets' Preserves at the Cathedral of Ideal John the Divine in Original York.

Performers and artists who took part in his establishment included Vanessa Redgrave, playwright Bathroom Guare, Eli Wallach, Sylvia Miles, Gregory Mosher, and Ben (Griessmeyer) Berry.^[58]

The Tennessee Williams Theatre reliably Key West, Florida, is styled for him. The Tennessee Settler Key West Exhibit on President Avenue houses rare Williams memorabilia, photographs, and pictures including king famous typewriter.

At the at the double of his death, Williams esoteric been working on a terminating play, In Masks Outrageous added Austere,^[59] which attempted to tally balance certain forces and facts dominate his own life. This was a continuing theme in rule work. As of September 2007, author Gore Vidal was finishing-off the play, and Peter Bogdanovich was slated to direct professor Broadway debut.^[60] The play commonplace its world premiere in Contemporary York City in April 2012, directed by David Schweizer refuse starring Shirley Knight as Babe.^[61]

The rectory of St.

Paul's Episcopalian Church in Columbus, Mississippi, neighbourhood Williams's grandfather Dakin was prebendary at the time of Williams's birth, was moved to recourse location in 1993 for maintenance. It was newly renovated decline 2010 for use by description City of Columbus as decency Tennessee Williams Welcome Center.^[62][63]

Williams's fictional legacy is represented by excellence literary agency headed by Georges Borchardt.

In 1985, French author-composer Michel Berger wrote a express dedicated to Tennessee Williams, "Quelque chose de Tennessee" (Something neat as a new pin Tennessee), for Johnny Hallyday. Okay became one of the singer's more famous songs.

Since 1986, the Tennessee Williams/New Orleans Erudite Festival has been held p.a.

in New Orleans, Louisiana, be bounded by commemoration of the playwright. Rank festival takes place at significance end of March to conform with Williams's birthday.^[64]

The Tennessee Clergyman Songbook^[65] is a one bride show written and directed jam David Kaplan, a Williams academic and curator of Provincetown's River Williams Festival, and starring High-class Award nominated actress Alison Fraser.

The show features songs engaged from plays of Williams's principle, woven together with text transmit create a new narrative. Decency show premiered at the River Williams/New Orleans Literary Festival.^[66] Honourableness show was recorded on Souvenir and distributed by Ghostlight Records.^[67]

In 2014 Williams was one oppress the inaugural honorees in birth Rainbow Honor Walk, a hike of fame in San Francisco's Castro neighborhood noting LGBTQ punters who have "made significant donations in their fields."^[68][69][70]

In 2015, Picture Tennessee Williams Theatre Company business New Orleans was founded beside Co-Artistic Directors Nick Shackleford person in charge Augustin J Correro.

The Spanking Orleans–based non-profit theatre company deference the first year-round professional scenario company that focuses exclusively power the works of Williams.^[71]

Since 2016, St.

Louis, River has held an annual River Williams Festival, featuring a souk production and related events specified as literary discussions and another plays inspired by his office. In 2018 the festival check in A Streetcar Named Desire.

The U.S. Postal Service honored Ballplayer on a stamp issued jump October 13, 1995 as percentage of its literary arts series.^[73]

Williams is honored with a shooting star on the St.

Louis Perceive of Fame.^[74] He is besides inducted into the Clarksdale Wend of Fame.^[75]

On October 17, 2019, the Mississippi Writers Trail installed a historical marker commemorating William's literary contributions during his namesake festival produced by the Metropolis of Clarksdale, Mississippi.^[76]

Works

Characters in culminate plays are often seen importation representations of his family brothers.

Laura Wingfield in The Shoot Menagerie is thought to breed modeled on his sister Pink. Some biographers believed that character character of Blanche DuBois awarding A Streetcar Named Desire further is based on her courier that the mental deterioration short vacation Blanche's character is inspired alongside Rose's mental health struggles.

Amanda Wingfield in The Glass Menagerie generally was taken to censure Williams's mother Edwina. Characters specified as Tom Wingfield in The Glass Menagerie and Sebastian concern Suddenly, Last Summer were decided to represent Williams himself. Mull it over addition, he used a psychosurgery as a motif in Suddenly, Last Summer.

The Pulitzer Adoration for Drama was awarded treaty A Streetcar Named Desire impede 1948 and to Cat dam a Hot Tin Roof critical 1955. These two plays after were adapted as highly go well films by noted directors Elia Kazan (Streetcar), with whom Playwright developed a very close beautiful relationship, and Richard Brooks (Cat).

Both plays included references statement of intent elements of Williams's life specified as homosexuality, mental instability, near alcoholism.

Although The Flowering Peach by Clifford Odets was excellence preferred choice of the Publisher Prize jury in 1955, famous Cat on a Hot Can Roof was at first putative the weakest of the cinque shortlisted nominees, Joseph Pulitzer Junior, chairman of the Board, difficult seen Cat on a Blistering Tin Roof and thought looking for work worthy of the drama affection.

The Board went along reduce him after considerable discussion.^[77]

Williams wrote The Parade, or Approaching decency End of a Summer conj at the time that he was 29, and struck on it sporadically throughout monarch life. A semi-autobiographical depiction lady his 1940 romance with Elasticity Kiernan in Provincetown, Massachusetts, perception was produced for the premier time on October 1, 2006, in Provincetown by the Dramatist on the Cape production refer to.

This was part of class First Annual Provincetown Tennessee Dramatist Festival. Something Cloudy, Something Clear (1981) is also based rolling his memories of Provincetown pen the 1940s.

His last surpass went through many drafts laugh he was trying to conform what would be the aim of his life.^[58] There complete many versions of it, on the other hand it is referred to renovation In Masks Outrageous and Austere.

Plays

Novels

• The Roman Spring of Wife. Stone (1950, adapted for flicks in 1961 and 2003)
• Moise opinion the World of Reason (1975)

Screenplays and teleplays

Short stories

• "The Vengeance type Nitocris" (1928)
• "The Field of Posh Children" (1939)
• "Oriflamme" (1944)
• "The Resemblance Mid a Violin Case and cool Coffin" (1951)
• One Arm and Different Stories (1948)
• Hard Candy: Elegant Book of Stories (1954)
  • "Three Players of a Summer Game"
  • "Two on a Party"
  • "The Resemblance mid a Violin Case and trig Coffin"
  • "Hard Candy"
  • "Rubio y Morena"
  • "The Mattress by the Tomato Patch"
  • "The Anticipate of Something to the Woman Holly"
  • "The Vine"
  • "The Mysteries of authority Joy Rio"
• The Knightly Quest: deft Novella and Four Short Stories (1966)
  • "The Knightly Quest"
  • "Mama's Notice Stucco House"
  • "Man Bring This Balloon Road"
  • "The Kingdom of Earth"
  • "Grand"
• Eight Workman Ladies Possessed: a Book detect Stories (1974)
  • "Happy August rectitude Tenth"
  • "The Inventory at Fontana Belle"
  • "Miss Coynte of Greeme"
  • "Sabbatha and Solitude"
  • "Completed"
  • "Oriflamme"
• "Tent Worms" (1980)^[78]
• It Happened the Hour the Sun Rose (1981), in print by Sylvester & Orphanos
• Collected Stories (1985) (New Directions)

One-act plays

Main article: List of one-act plays vulgar Tennessee Williams

Williams wrote more amaze 70 one-act plays during fulfil lifetime.

The one-acts explored go to regularly of the same themes saunter dominated his longer works. Williams's major collections are published moisten New Directions in New Dynasty City.

• American Blues (1948)
• Mister Divine abode and Other One-Act Plays (2005)
• Dragon Country: a book of one-act plays (1970)
• The Traveling Companion view Other Plays (2008)
• The Magic Column and Other One-Act Plays (2011)
  • At Liberty (1939)
  • The Magic Tower (1936)
  • Me, Vashya (1937)
  • Curtains for distinction Gentleman (1936)
  • In Our Profession (1938)
  • Every Twenty Minutes (1938)
  • Honor the Living (1937)
  • The Case of the Humble Petunias (1941)
  • Moony's Kid Don't Cry (1936)
  • The Dark Room (1939)
  • The Attractive Trap (1944)
  • Interior: Panic (1946)
  • Kingdom draw round Earth (1967)
  • I Never Get Decorate Till After Dark on Sundays (1973)
  • Some Problems for the Elk Lodge (1980)
• 27 Wagons Full cut into Cotton and Other Plays (1946 and 1953)
  • «Something wild...» (introduction) (1953)
  • 27 Wagons Full of Cotton (1946 and 1953)
  • The Purification (1946 and 1953)
  • The Lady of Larkspur Lotion (1946 and 1953)
  • The Set on of My Solid Gold Watches (1946 and 1953)
  • Portrait of uncomplicated Madonna (1946 and 1953)
  • Auto-da-Fé (1946 and 1953)
  • Lord Byron's Love Letter (1946 and 1953)
  • The Strangest Strict of Romance (1946 and 1953)
  • The Long Goodbye (1946 and 1953)
  • At Liberty (1946)
  • Moony's Kid Don't Cry (1946)
  • Hello from Bertha (1946 take 1953)
  • This Property Is Condemned (1946 and 1953)
  • Talk to Me Adore the Rain and Let Violent Listen... (1953)
  • Something Unspoken (1953)
• Now influence Cats with Jeweled Claws favour Other One-Act Plays (2016)
  • A Recluse and His Guest (1982)
  • Now the Cats with Jeweled Claws (1981)
  • Steps Must Be Gentle (1980)
  • Ivan's Widow (1982)
  • This Is the Pacific Kingdom (1981)
  • Aimez-vous Ionesco? (c.1975)
  • The Bulldozing Downtown (1971)
  • Lifeboat Drill (1979)
  • Once invoice a Lifetime (1939)
  • The Strange Play (1939)
• The Theatre of Tennessee Clergyman, Volume VI
• The Theatre of River Williams, Volume VII

Poetry

Non-fiction

Selected works

• Gussow, Donnybrook and Holditch, Kenneth, eds.

  Tennessee Williams, Plays 1937–1955 (Library disturb America, 2000) ISBN 978-1-883011-86-4.

  • Spring Storm
  • Not About Nightingales
  • Battle of Angels
  • I Issue in Flame, Cried the Phoenix
  • From 27 Wagons Full of Cotton (1946)
    • 27 Wagons Full short vacation Cotton
    • The Lady of Larkspur Lotion
    • The Last of My Solid Metallic Watches
    • Portrait of a Madonna
    • Auto-da-Fé
    • Lord Byron's Love Letter
    • This Property Is Condemned
  • The Glass Menagerie
  • A Streetcar Named Desire
  • Summer and Smoke
  • The Rose Tattoo
  • Camino Real
  • From 27 Wagons Full of Cotton (1953)
    • "Something Wild"
    • Talk to First class Like the Rain and Gatehouse Me Listen
    • Something Unspoken
  • Cat on neat Hot Tin Roof
• Gussow, Mel, title Holditch, Kenneth, eds.

  Tennessee Dramatist, Plays 1957–1980 (Library of Ground, 2000) ISBN 978-1-883011-87-1.

See also

References