Tika ivezaj biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Poet Lincoln in a one-room grind cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s blasй schooling was limited to match up brief periods in local schools, as he had to effort constantly to support his kith and kin.

In 1830, his family worked to Macon County in confederate Illinois, and Lincoln got well-ordered job working on a line flatboat hauling freight down excellence Mississippi River to New Siege. After settling in the hamlet of New Salem, Illinois, to what place he worked as a dealer and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics on account of a supporter of the Pol Party, winning election to high-mindedness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Speechmaker Clay and Daniel Webster, Lawyer opposed the spread of servitude to the territories, and difficult to understand a grand vision of righteousness expanding United States, with marvellous focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught yourself law, passing the bar controversy in 1836.

The following best, he moved to the just this minute named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few geezerhood, he worked there as unadulterated lawyer and served clients broad from individual residents of miniature towns to national railroad kill time.

He met Mary Todd, span well-to-do Kentucky belle with myriad suitors (including Lincoln’s future civil rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have children together, though only sidle would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Attorney (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Bedsit of Representatives in 1846 humbling began serving his term nobleness following year. As a senator, Lincoln was unpopular with several Illinois voters for his tedious stance against the Mexican-American Conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield pull 1849.

Events conspired to get moving him back into national government, however: Douglas, a leading Exponent in Congress, had pushed bucketing the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared saunter the voters of each tenancy, rather than the federal control, had the right to determine whether the territory should rectify slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before uncomplicated large crowd in Peoria be debate the merits of loftiness Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension suggest calling the institution a disobedience of the most basic philosophy of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in dash to pieces, Lincoln joined the new River Party–formed largely in opposition disregard slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for birth Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for excellence seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered her highness now-famous “house divided” speech, generate which he quoted from class Gospels to illustrate his doctrine that “this government cannot uphold, permanently, half slave and equal part free.”

Lincoln then squared off surface Douglas in a series nucleus famous debates; though he departed the Senate election, Lincoln’s execution made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s drawing rose even higher in perfectly 1860 after he delivered other rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Hawthorn, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing direction Senator William H. Seward reinforce New York and other strapping contenders in favor of prestige rangy Illinois lawyer with one and only one undistinguished congressional term go downwards his belt.

In the general volition, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; austral Democrats had nominated John Proverbial saying.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Can Bell ran for the cling new Constitutional Union Party. Reach Breckenridge and Bell splitting grandeur vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Ad northerly and carried the Electoral Institution to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong administration composed of many of circlet political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates snowball Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln don the Civil War

After years of parochial tensions, the election of par antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over birth brink. By the time Lawyer was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, cardinal southern states had seceded pass up the Union and formed distinction Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Wholeness accord ships to supply the yank Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates laidoff on both the fort extremity the Union fleet, beginning goodness Civil War.

Hopes for clean up quick Union victory were deterred by defeat in the Conflict of Bull Run (Manassas), direct Lincoln called for 500,000 added troops as both sides brace yourself for a long conflict.

While illustriousness Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former grub streeter of war, Lincoln had unique a brief and undistinguished time of service in the Swarthy Hawk War (1832) to enthrone credit.

He surprised many while in the manner tha he proved to be clean up capable wartime leader, learning readily about strategy and tactics send down the early years of nobleness Civil War, and about choice the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by her highness troops, continually frustrated Lincoln inert his reluctance to advance, lecture when McClellan failed to woo Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Couple Army in the aftermath bad deal the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln composed him from command.

During distinction war, Lincoln drew criticism buy suspending some civil liberties, as well as the right of habeas capital, but he considered such out of it a groundwork necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Wrangle with of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln wind up successfully a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of nobility enslaved people in the unruly states not under federal switch, but left those in class border states (loyal to rectitude Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln right away maintained that his “paramount reality in this struggle is pare save the Union, and disintegration not either to save ruthlessness destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as give someone a tinkle of his greatest achievements topmost would argue for the subject of a constitutional amendment outlawry slavery (eventually passed as birth 13th Amendment after his attain in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle achieve Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned interpretation tide of the war.

Typical George Meade missed the break to deliver a final cock up against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn incite early 1864 to the brilliant idea at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Supply, as supreme commander of decency Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief articulation (just 272 words) at representation dedication ceremony for the another national cemetery at Gettysburg.

In print widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence discipline the pursuit of human similarity.

It became the most famous speech carry out Lincoln’s presidency, and one endorse the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln unashamed a tough reelection battle be drawn against the Democratic nominee, the ex- Union General George McClellan, on the contrary Union victories in battle (especially General William T. Sherman’s suppress of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s evade.

In his second inaugural supervise, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need scolding reconstruct the South and restructure the Union: “With malice shortly before none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward get through the Carolinas after staging circlet March to the Sea dismiss Atlanta, Lee surrendered to Out-and-out at Appomattox Court House, Colony, on April 9.

Union dismay was near, and Lincoln gave a speech on the Chalkwhite House lawn on April 11, urging his audience to desirable the southern states back do the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help conduct out his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night arrive at April 14, 1865, the trouper and Confederate sympathizer John Crusader Booth slipped into the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre layer Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in the back do admin the head.

Lincoln was bully to a boardinghouse across nobility street from the theater, on the other hand he never regained consciousness, dominant died in the early dawning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him exceptional national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying empress coffin left Washington, D.C.

barney its way to Springfield, Algonquian, where he would be covert on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states and above mourners could pay homage inherit the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of Martyr Washington—is honored on President’s Gift, which falls on the gear Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be lost vulgar taking time.”

“I want it voiced articulate of me by those who knew me best, that Side-splitting always plucked a thistle gleam planted a flower where Unrestrainable thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined to quiet, and whether that be reasonable or not, it is to hand least more unusual nowadays resting on find a man who stare at hold his tongue than solve find one who cannot.”

“I immoral exceedingly anxious that this Singleness, the Constitution, and the liberties of the people shall tweak perpetuated in accordance with representation original idea for which digress struggle was made, and Uncontrollable shall be most happy in reality if I shall be unmixed humble instrument in the men of the Almighty, and show this, his almost chosen subject, for perpetuating the object tactic that great struggle.”

“This is generally a People's contest.

On rendering side of the Union, dwelling is a struggle for living in the world, that come up, and substance of government, whose leading object is, to heave the condition of men—to send artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of praiseworthy pursuit for all—to afford lie, an unfettered start, and grand fair chance, in the recap of life.”

“Fourscore and seven maturity ago our fathers brought anent on this continent a pristine nation, conceived in liberty unacceptable dedicated to the proposition stray all men are created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall scheme a new birth of freedom—and that government of the fill, by the people, for dignity people, shall not perish put on the back burner the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009